Weather buoys are autonomous observation stations anchored to the seabed or drifting freely. They measure wind, pressure, air and water temperature, waves (height, period, direction), and in some cases subsurface currents and salinity.
Networks in Spain
The Puertos del Estado buoy network includes coastal and deep-water buoys around the Peninsula and Canary Islands. Their data are essential for wave prediction, coastal warnings, wave model calibration, and maritime safety. They also feed numerical model marine data.